The balance of payments consists of three main components:

Current account – shows exports and imports of goods and services, as well as receipts and payments of income and current transfers (such as remittances from migrants, humanitarian aid, pension payments, insurance premiums, taxes, and others);

Capital account – includes transactions with non-produced assets (such as copyrights, licenses, patents, etc.) and capital transfers (such as debt forgiveness, donations, and others);

Financial account – reflects the movement of all types of investments and financial assets between Kazakhstan and the rest of the world (such as equity participation, loans, trade credits, and others).

An analytical presentation of the balance of payments is also published, which shows the net flow of resources, excluding changes in international reserves. If the overall balance is negative, it means reserves are accumulating; if it is positive, reserves are decreasing.

The National Bank publishes balance of payments statistics quarterly, with a one-quarter time lag:

• March 31 — for Q4 of the previous year,
• June 30 — for Q1,
• September 30 — for Q2,
• December 31 — for Q3.

Ten days after the release of the main statistics, additional tables and analytical information are posted on the website.

More detailed analytical commentary is published in the quarterly publication “Kazakhstan: Balance of Payments and External Debt”.